الكاهن الثائر..وفاة ديسموند توتو أحد رموز الكفاح ضد النظام العنصري بجنوب إفريقيا
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توفي اليوم كبير أساقفة جنوب إفريقيا ديسموند توتو أحد أبرز رموز الكفاح ضد نظام الفصل العنصري في البلاد بعد فترة من المرض خلال الشهور الأخيرة.
ووفقا لما أعلنه رئيس جنوب أفريقيا الرئيس سيريل رامابوزا الأحد، فقد رحل ديسموند توتو عن عمر يناهز 90 عاما .
ديسموند توتو الحائز على جائزة نوبل السلام، بقي حتى الساعات الأخيرة من حياته، على صراحته في إدانة الظلم وانتقاد كل السلطات.
وفى بيان عن رئاسة جنوب إفريقيا، عبر الرئيس سيريل رامابوزا ، عن عميق الحزن بوفاة وجه بارز من وجوه التاريخ في البلد .
وبحسب وكالة فرانس برس أضاف الرئيس أن وفاة كبير الأساقفة الفخري ديسموند توتو هو فصل جديد من فصول حداد أمّتنا على جيل مذهل من أبناء البلد الذين تركوا لنا جنوب أفريقيا محرّرة.
وأشار إلي أن توتو كان رجلا يتميز بذكاء لافت ونزاهة ولم تقوَ عليه قوّات الفصل العنصري (الأبارتايد). وكان على قدر كبير من الرقّة في تعاطفه مع الذين كابدوا القمع والظلم والعنف في نظام الفصل العنصري ومع المظلومين والظالمين على حد سواء في العالم أجمع”.
وتولى ديسموند توتو الذي ابتكر لقب “بلد قوس قزح” لجنوب إفريقيا، بعد إرساء أسس الديموقراطية في 1994 وانتخاب صديقه نيلسون مانديلا على رأس البلد، رئاسة لجنة الحقيقة والمصالحة، على أمل طي صفحة الحقد بين الأعراق. تدهور صحته
وتراجع الوضع الصحي لتوتو الذي كان أبناء بلده يسمونه تحببا “ذي أرتش”.
و في الأشهر الأخيرة، لم يعد يتحدث في العلن لكنه كان يوجّه دائما تحيّة إلى الصحافيين الذين يتابعون تنقلاته، ببسمة أو نظرة معبّرة، كما حدث مثلا خلال تلقّيه اللقاح المضاد لكوفيد-19 في أحد المستشفيات أو خلال قدّاس في مدينة الكاب احتفاء ببلوغه 90 عاما في أكتوبر.
في أعقاب إعلان نبأ الوفاة، أقيمت صلاة في كاتدرائية القديس جورج التي كانت رعيته سابقا. وبدأ معزون من كافة الأعراق، يتوافدون إلى منزله في الكاب حاملين باقات من الورد.
واعتبرت داين هيرد المتقاعدة المقيمة في الحيّ أنه من المؤسف جدّا أن يرحل عن عالمنا. فهو كان رجلا في غاية الطيبة. خسارة لا تعوض
وضع لاعبو الكريكيت من جنوب إفريقيا شارة سوداء على أذرعهم حدادا على توتو في اليوم الأول من مباراة مهمّة ضدّ الهند بالقرب من جوهانسبورغ.
وقال كبير الأساقفة الأنغليكان تابو ماخوبا “نبكي رحيله”، نيابة عن رعايا كنيسته وعن “ملايين الأشخاص في جنوب إفريقيا والقارة الإفريقية والمعمورة”. واضاف “علينا، كمسيحيين ومؤمنين، الاحتفاء بمسيرة رجل عميق الإيمان كان تركيزه الأول والأخير على علاقته مع الخالق”.
وأضاف ماخوبا: “لم يكن يخشى أحدا… وكان يندّد بالأنظمة التي تحطّ من شأن الإنسانية، لكن عندما كان مرتكبو السوء يتغيّرون فعلا من الداخل، كان يقتدي بالربّ ويعرب عن استعداده لمسامحتهم”.
وسرعان ما علقت مؤسسة مانديلا على نبأ الوفاة. وقالت إنه خسارة “لا تُعوض”، مشيرا إلى أنه “كان رجى استثنائية وحياته كانت بالنسبة إلى كثيرين في جنوب إفريقيا والعالم بركة. كان شخصا مذهلا، مفكّرا، قائدا، راعيا صالحا”. جونسون ينعي توتو
من جانبه، قال رئيس الوزراء البريطاني بوريس جونسون إنه يشعر “بحزن عميق” لوفاة توتو، مشيدًا بـ “قيادته الفكرية” و “روح الدعابة التي لا تُقهر” لديه. وكتب في تغريدة على تويتر “شعرت بحزن عميق عندما علمت” بوفاة توتو.
وأضاف: “كان شخصية أساسية في النضال ضد الفصل العنصري وفي النضال من أجل إنشاء جنوب إفريقيا جديدة. سنتذكره لقيادته الروحية وروح الدعابة التي لا تُقهر” لديه. سيرة حياته ديسموند توتو
ولد ديسموند توتو في السابع من أكتوبر 1931 لعائلة متواضعة في كليركسدورب وهي بلدة صغيرة غنية بالمناجم في جنوب غرب جوهانسبرغ. وقد أصيب خلال طفولته بشلل الأطفال.
وكان يحلم بأن يصبح طبيبا لكنه تخلى عن هذا الطموح لنقص الإمكانيات. وقد أصبح مدرسا قبل أن يستقيل احتجاجًا على التعليم المتدني المخصص للسود ودخوله إلى الكنيسة.
في سن الثلاثين رُسم كاهنًا ودرس ودرّس في بريطانيا وليسوتو ثم استقر في جوهانسبرغ في 1975. في تلك الفترة وفي أسوأ أوقات الفصل العنصري نظم مسيرات سلمية ودعا إلى فرض عقوبات دولية على نظام البيض في بريتوريا. ولم يحمه من السجن سوى صفته كرجل دين.
وديسموند توتو الذي عين رئيسا لأساقفة كيب تاون وللطائفة الأنغليكانية في بلده، كان متزوجًا منذ 1955 من ليا وأنجب منها أربعة أطفال.
في 1984، منح جائزة نوبل للسلام. ومع إحلال الديمقراطية بعد عشر سنوات ترأس “لجنة الحقيقة والمصالحة” على أمل طي صفحة الكراهية العنصرية. لكن آماله تبددت بسرعة إذ حصلت الأغلبية السوداء على حق التصويت لكنها بقيت فقيرة إلى حد كبير.
وبعد ذلك تصدى لتجاوزات حكومة حزب المؤتمر الوطني الأفريقي بدءا من أخطاء الرئيس السابق ثابو مبيكي في محاربة الإيدز. حتى أنه وعد في عام 2013 بعدم التصويت أبدًا للحزب الذي انتصر على الفصل العنصري مرة أخرى.
وعلى الرغم من تشخيص إصابته بسرطان البروستاتا في 1997 وإقامته عدة مرات في المستشفى، لم ينسحب الرجل الذي عرف بحيويته الاستثنائية من الحياة العامة إلا بشكل تدريجي وتقاسم حسابا على تويتر مع ابنته مفو التي تدير مؤسسته.
وقد تمسك بحلمه بجنوب إفريقيا متعددة الأعراق وتسودها المساواة.
عند وفاة نيلسون مانديلا في 2013، أنعش ديزموند توتو مراسم مملة جدا عبر الصراخ بقوة “نعم” للجمهور بعد أن قال أمامه “نعد الله بأننا سنحذو حذو نيلسون مانديلا!”.
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