من داعش لـ الجيش العراقي..هل هناك مخطط لإخلاء سنجار من الإيزيديين ؟
تحدثت تقارير صحفية عن المعاناة التى يتعرض لها الكرد الإيزيديين فى مدينة سنجار العراقية فى ظل الأحداث والاشتباكات التي تشهدها المدينة.
وتناول تقرير لوكالة فرانس برس معاناة أهالي سنجار الإيزيدية، ويتحدث التقرير عن شخص إيزيدي يدعي خضر كالو هو شرطي من قرية صغيرة في قضاء سنجار. لكن حين اندلعت الاشتباكات بين مقاتلين إيزيديين والجيش العراقي، أرغم، مرةً أخرى، على مغادرة قريته، مع آلاف آخرين هرباً من أعمال العنف.
مثل غالبية العشرة آلاف نازح الذين استقبلهم إقليم كردستان العراق في الأيام الأخيرة، فقد واجه كالو مشقّة الحياة في مخيمات النزوح، فهذه ليست المرة الأولى التي يحزم فيها بعض أغراضه ويغادر بيته. في العام 2014، كان لقاؤهم الأول مع النزوح حين سيطر تنظيم داعش على سنجار.
يروي الرجل البالغ من العمر 37 عاماً، الذي فرّ مع زوجته وأولاده الخمسة إلى مخيم شامشكو، قرب مدينة زاخو في دهوك، “في المرة السابقة نزحنا وبقينا ست سنوات في مخيم دركار خوفاً من تنظيم داعش، وهذه المرة نزحنا خوفاً من صوت المدافع”.
ويضيف “عدت منذ ما يقرب من عامين” إلى سنجار، المعقل التاريخي للأقلية الإيزيدية. وبحسرة يردف “كنا نتدبّر أمور معيشتنا رغم المصاعب، لكن الأوضاع في الآونة الأخيرة تدهورت بشكل كبير.
شهدت سنجار على مدى يومي الأحد والاثنين، اشتباكات عنيفة بين الجيش العراقي ووحدات حماية سنجار المرتبطة بحزب العمال الكردستاني .
ويقول كالو “يومياً نسمع أصوات الرصاص والانفجارات”. غادر الرجل قريته في البداية وتوجه منها إلى مدينة سنجار، لكن اختار الرحيل إثر ذلك إلى إقليم كردستان المجاور في شمال العراق. ويضيف “لم يتعرض لنا أحد، لكن قلقنا على عائلاتنا”.
اكتظاظ
وتعرضت الأقلية الإيزيدية، وهي جماعة ناطقة بالكردية يعتنق أبناؤها ديانة توحيدية باطنية، لسنوات للاضطهاد بسبب معتقداتها الدينية، لا سيما على يد تنظيم داعش الذي قتل أبناءها وهجّرهم وسبا نساءها.
وقالت المفوضية السامية للأمم المتحدة لشؤون اللاجئين في بيان الأربعاء، إن من بين النازحين الذين استقبلهم إقليم كردستان، كثيرين عادوا إلى منطقتهم في عام 2020، بعدما فروا منها إثر سيطرة تنظيم داعش.
في أزقّة مخيم شامشكو، الذي يستقبل أكثر من 22 ألف نازح، اصطفت الخيم المصنوعة من القماش المشمّع السميك. في داخلها، وضعت الفرش المخصصة للنوم على الأرض العارية، وجلست نساء اعتلت وجوههن ملامح القلق.
وقرب مكاتب إدارة المخيم، اصطف عشرات الرجال والنساء في طابورين أمام شاحنة محمّلة بصناديق المساعدات البيضاء.
حينما ينادى باسمهم، يتوجه النازحون لاستلام صندوق من المساعدات الغذائية: كيلوغرام من السكّر، شاي، أرزّ بسمتي، ليتر من الزيت، طحين وحليب وعدس، وهي محتويات تكفيهم لأسبوع.
واستقبل إقليم كردستان خلال ثلاثة أيام 1711 عائلة أي ما يساوي 10261 شخصاً، كما أعلن لفرانس برس مدير دائرة الهجرة والمهجرين ومكتب استجابة الأزمات في دهوك، ديان حمو. وتوزعت نحو 964 عائلة على المخيمات، أي 4300 شخص، أما الباقون فيقطنون عند أقربائهم.
و بحسب فرانس برس قال المتحدّث باسم مفوضية اللاجئين فراس الخطيب إن “المخيمات تشهد اكتظاظاً ما يرفع خطر تراجع إمكانية الوصول إلى الخدمات الأساسية بسبب نقص التمويل”.
وأكّد أن المفوضية تدعم “الحلول المستدامة” التي تتيح للأشخاص العودة إلى منازلهم، لكن “العودة ينبغي أن تكون طوعية وتحترم الكرامة الإنسانية، وتأتي في جوّ سلمي”.
وتقول السلطات العراقية إن الهدوء عاد إلى منطقة سنجار الجبلية. لكن التصاعد الأخير للعنف يعكس مدى تعقيد التوترات التي تعصف بسنجار، حيث تتداخل العديد من العوامل والأطراف ذات المصالح المتضاربة.
حكاية حضن لم يكتمل.. سيبان الإيزيدية تتحرر من داعش وأمها تفارق الحياة..فيديو
“لن يعود أحد”
وتتهم وحدات حماية سنجار، المنضوية كذلك ضمن الحشد الشعبي، الجيش بأنه يريد السيطرة على المنطقة وطردها منها، في حين يريد الجيش العراقي تنفيذ اتفاقية بين بغداد وأربيل، تقضي بانسحاب المقاتلين الإيزيديين وحزب العمال الكردستاني من سنجار.
في الأثناء، أعلنت قيادة العمليات المشتركة العراقية الخميس، عن وصول “تعزيزات عسكرية” كبيرة الى سنجار “لفرض القانون”. وأضافت في بيان أنها لن تسمح “بتواجد المجاميع المسلحة” في القضاء.
وتقع منطقة سنجار أيضاً في مرمى نيران الغارات الجوية التركية المتفرقة التي تشنّها أنقرة ضدّ قواعد حزب العمال الكردستاني، الذي تصنّفه “إرهابياً”.
في ظلّ هذه التعقيدات وأعمال العنف، يجد الإيزيديون أنفسهم ضحايا جانبيين.
وفرّ العامل اليومي زعيم حسن حمد البالغ من العمر 65 عاماً، المرة الأولى من سنجار تحت وطأة “هجمات تنظيم الدول الإسلامية”، كما يروي.
وها هو اليوم أيضاً، مع عائلته المؤلفة من 17 ابناً وحفيداً، في مخيّم شامشكو.
ويقول الرجل “إذا لم يوفروا لنا الأمن والاستقرار، فلن نعود هذه المرة، لأننا لا نستطيع أن نعود ثمّ ننزح في كلّ مرة”.
ويضيف “إذا بقي الحشد وحزب العمال الكردستاني والجيش في المنطقة، فإن الناس سيخافون ولن يعود أحد”.
قتلتها عطشا.. حكم بسجن داعشية ألمانية 10 سنوات لتعذيبها فتاة أيزيدية حتى الموت
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