قبل الإعادة..أبرز القرارات المتوقعة لـ أردوغان وكليجدار حال الفوز بالانتخابات ؟
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مع تأجيل حسم الانتخابات الرئاسية فى تركيا إلي جولة الإعادة بعد عجز كلا المرشحين عن حصد نسبة 50% من أصوات الناخبين.
كشفت تقارير صحفية عن قراءة استباقية للسيناريوهات المنتظرة للوضع فى تركيا والمنطقة عقب الانتخابات سواء فى حالة بقاء أردوغان فى السلطة أو فوز مرشح المعارضة كمال كليجدار أوغلو.
وبحسب المراقبين فإن الانتخابات التركية سيكون لها تأثير كبير وتداعيات جمة على الأوضاع بالمنطقة وتحديدا بسوريا والعراق فى ظل الوجود العسكري التركي بالبلدين ونفوذ أنقرة المتفشي فيهما.
معركة شرسة
وأكد الكاتب الصحفي والمحلل السياسي، إبراهيم شعبان، أن الانتخابات التركية الراهنة، سيكون لها أبلغ الأثر على تركيا وجيرانها لنحو عقد كامل من الزمان.
وقال : ” الانتخابات التركية معركة شرسة بمختلف المقاييس، وأصعب امتحانات الرئيس التركي الحالي رجب طيب أردوغان وحزبه العدالة والتنمية على الاطلاق، منذ نحو عقدين من الزمان، بعدما تصدرا السلطة كل هذه السنوات.
وأشار إلي”أن أردوغان لديه الكثير من المشاكل خلال هذه الانتخابات بعدما فقد فعليا الصوت الكردي في الانتخابات، وذلك بعد سياسات دموية بغيضة تجاه الكرد خلال السنوات الماضية، دفعت القوي الكردية لاعلان دعمهم لمرشح المعارضة الرئيسي كمال كليجدار أوغلو.
وتابع “كما فقد أردوغان أصوات معاقله التقليدية التي كانت تصوت لحزبه العدالة والتنمية بشكل تلقائي طوال الدورات الماضية، ولكن بعد الفشل الذريع في معالجة آثار الزلزال المدمر في فبراير الماضي الأمر تغير بشكل كبير.
ولفت شعبان إلي “إن الانتخابات التركية حدث سياسي كبير بالفعل وانتظار تصويت 60 مليون تركي، لحسم منصب رئيس تركيا المقبل و600 مقعد برلماني تركي أمر في غاية الأهمية السياسية لتركيا وجيرانها”.
ماذا لو فوز أردوغان ؟
ويري شعبان إنه فى حالة فوز أردوغان فعلى الأتراك أن يتوقعوا مزيدا من التضخم وتراجع قيمة الليرة التركية، والبقاء بعيدا عن أسوار الاتحاد الأوروبي، وبقاء جبهتي سوريا والعراق مشتعلتان، فضلا عن مزيد من تأزم القضية الكردية داخل تركيا ما يقود البلاد لأوضاعا قلقة وساخنة طوال السنوات المقبلة.
ماذا لو فاز كليجدار ؟
ويعتقد الباحث المصري: “أنه في حال فاز مرشح المعارضة الرئيسي كليجدار، فإنه سيكون سدد طعنة مروعة لحزب العدالة والتنمية الحاكم وحقبة أردوغان، وستكون هذه نهاية فادحة لسياسات كان أغلبها خطأ، واتخذت في بعض الأحيان شكلا إجراميا.
وأشار شعبان” ان إعلان كليجدار – مرشح المعارضة الرئيسي- ان الأتراك يتطلعون للديمقراطية، وتركيا اشتاقت للديمقراطية، يكشف السجن الرهيب الذي يعيش فيه الأتراك تحت حكم أردوغان.
ويعتقد الباحث المصري أن فوز كليجدار في الانتخابات الرئاسية التركية سيكون صفحة جديدة حقيقية للأتراك وستطوى حقبة أردوغان، وتبدأ تركيا عهدا جديدا في كل المجالات وعلى مختلف الأصعدة.
هل يسلم أردوغان السلطة ؟
وتوقع ابراهيم شعبان، “ألا يسلم أردوغان السلطة بسهولة حال خسر الانتخابات هو وحزبه العدالة والتنمية. وهناك سابقة في انتخابات بلدية اسطنبول عندما خسرها حزبه وحدثت فوضى واحتجاجات استمرت لأسابيع رفضا للهزيمة.
وقال شعبان، “إن مرشح المعارضة الرئيسي كمال كليجدار، توقع هذا بالفعل، مشيرا إلي أنه “من العسير على أردوغان ان يسلم السلطة طواعية، حال خسر الانتخابات المقبلة وأتوقع حدوث مشاكل وفوضى”.
سوريا والعراق
وحول تأثير خسارة أردوغان حال حدوثها على الأوضاع بسوريا والعراق أوضح الكاتب الصحفي والمحلل السياسي، إبراهيم شعبان، أنه يتوقع انفراجة حقيقية في العلاقات التركية السورية والعراقية معا. مشيرا: المشكلة في أردوغان وسياساته العدائية.
وتابع شعبان، “إنه لو نجح مرشح المعارضة الرئيسي كمال أوغلوا فقد تتم عودة 2 مليون سوري من اللاجئين في تركيا إلى سوريا فضلا عن الانسحاب التركي من الأراضي السورية، وهو وعد بذلك بالفعل في برنامجه. وهذا لن يتأتي الا بتغيير رأس السلطة في أنقرة.
ويري أن ” كمال أوغلو يمكنه حال فوزه ان ينسج علاقات طبيعية مع النظام السوري ومع أكراد سوريا، ويجد مكانا وبيئة مواتية للتسوية والهدوء، وينسحب من مشاريع التوسع والتمدد التركية في أراضي الغير”.
وأضاف”كذلك في العراق، فهناك مشاكل مع الأكراد وسياسات دموية لم يستطع أردوغان أن يغيرها، لكن لو تغير النظام التركي وهزم أردوغان فالفرصة ستكون متاحة لكمال أوغلو لبناء علاقات جديدة مع بغداد والتوقف عن الهمجية التركية وقصف الأراضي العراقية وتضييق الخناق على العراقيين في مسألة المياه”.
وختم شعبان تصريحاته بالتأكيد على أن “هزيمة أردوغان في الانتخابات ستمثل انقلابا في السياسات الخارجية التركية وقد تفتح صفحة حقيقية جديدة مع العرب وشعوب المنطقة”.
مرحلة جديدة من الاستبداد
من جانبه يري الكاتب الصحفي والمحلل السياسي المصري شريف سمير أن فوز أردوغان بفترة رئاسية جديدة سيدخل تركيا مرحلة جديدة من الاستبداد.
وقال: ” إن فوز أردوغان بالسلطة سيجعله أكثر استبدادا وديكتاتورية بصورة قد تدفعه لاعتقال رموز المعارضة من أجل إحكام قبضته على السلطة بشكل كامل، كما سيسعي لتعزيز النظام الرئاسي بشكل كبير وقد يلجأ لتعديل دستوري يسمح له بالترشح لفترات رئاسية جديدة، فضلا عن تعزيز سلطتة وإحكام قبضته على المؤسسات التركية سواء الجيش أو الشرطة أو القضاء.
على الصعيد الخارجي، يعتقد الخبير المصري أن أردوغان حال فوزه بالرئاسة سيواصل عملياته العسكرية بسوريا والعراق لمنع حصول الأكراد على أى إمتيازات فى البلدين.
ميراث أردوغان
وبحسب سمير فإنه “فى حالة فوز مرشح المعارضة فقد يسود نوع من التخبط فى السياسة التركية لفترة نظرا لطول الفترة التي حكم فيها أردوغان التي تجاوزت عقدين من الزمن”.
وتابع : المعارضة ستسعي لتصفية ميراث أردوغان بشكل كامل وسيتم العودة للنظام البرلماني وقطع الطريق على فكرة احتكار السلطة بشكل كامل.
فوضي متوقعة
وأشار الكاتب المصري إلي أن “أردوغان لن يقبل بخسارة الانتخابات بسهولة ولن يعترف بالهزيمة حال حدوثها وقد تشهد تركيا احتجاجات كبيرة رفضا لنتائج الانتخابات ما يهدد بحدوث فوضي كبيرة قد تؤثر على مستقبل البلاد.
ويعتقد أن “خروج أردوغان من المشهد السياسي فى تركيا لن يمر بسهولة فحزب العدالة والتنمية سيعمل بشكل كبير على إحداث حالة من الفوضي وقد يعمل على تعطيل عملية تسليم السلطة فضلا عن تعطيل تشكيل الحكومة خاصة حال فوزه بنسبة كبيرة من مقاعد البرلمان وهو أمر قد يكون له تداعيات كبيرة على الاقتصاد التركي”.
وحول تأثير هزيمة أردوغان على أوضاع سوريا والعراق، يري الكاتب المصري أن حال فوز كليجدار أوغلو بالانتخابات سيتقلص الوجود العسكري التركي فى سوريا والعراق بشكل كبير، وتتوقف بشكل كامل التدخلات العسكرية فى البلدين وستنكفء تركيا على داخلها وتتوقف أطماعها فى دول الجوار بعد سقوط فكرة الإمبراطورية العثمانية التي كان يتبناها أردوغان”.
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